matplotlib.pyplot.axvspan()函数

Matplotlib是一个在Python中创建静态、动画和交互式可视化的绘图库。Pyplot是一个Matplotlib模块，它提供了一个类似matlab的接口。Matplotlib被设计成与MATLAB一样好用，具有使用Python的能力以及免费和开源的优势。

matplotlib.pyplot.axvspan()

这个函数在图形的轴线上设置垂直矩形

语法:matplotlib.pyplot.axvspan(xmin, xmax, ymin=0, ymax=1， **kwargs)

参数:

xmin:表示垂直矩形在x轴上的起始位置的数字

xmin:表示垂直矩形在x轴上的结束位置的数字

Ymin:垂直矩形在y轴上的起始位置，它将取0到1之间的值，0是轴的底部，1是轴的顶部

Ymax:垂直矩形在y轴上的结束位置，它将取0到1之间的值，0是轴的底部，1是轴的顶部

**kwargs:用于改变矩形属性的其他可选参数，如改变颜色等。

示例1

# Importing matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
# Initializing x and y
x =[1, 15, 27, 48, 50]
y =[1, 12, 22, 45, 67]
  
# Plotting the graph
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Drawing rectangle starting 
# x = 5 and extending till x = 20
# With vertical span starting at 
# half the length of y-axis(ymin = 0.5)
# And extending till the top of 
# axis(ymax = 1)
plt.axvspan(5, 20, ymin = 0.5, ymax = 1)
plt.show()

输出:

matplotlib.pyplot.axvspan()函数

示例2

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
  
x =[1, 15, 27, 48, 50]
y =[1, 12, 22, 45, 67]
  
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Drawing rectangle starting 
# x = 5 and extending till x = 15
# With vertical span starting at
# 25 % the length of y-axis
# And extending till the 80 % of
# axis And also we are setting 
# the color of rectangle to yellow 
# and its edge color to blue
plt.axvspan(5, 15, ymin = 0.25,
            ymax = 0.80, ec ='blue', 
            color ='yellow')
  
plt.show()

输出:

matplotlib.pyplot.axvspan()函数

示例3

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
  
x =[1, 15, 27, 48, 50]
y =[1, 12, 22, 45, 67]
  
plt.plot(x, y)
  
# Setting alpha will make 
# the rectangle transparent
plt.axvspan(10, 30, ymin = 0.15, 
            ymax = 0.70, ec ='blue',
            color ='yellow',
            alpha = 0.5)
  
plt.show()