极客教程使用JavaScript的鸡尾酒排序可视化程序
鸡尾酒排序是冒泡排序的一种变体。鸡尾酒排序通过交替地沿着给定数组两个方向遍历。要了解更多信息，请参考鸡尾酒排序。
通过可视化而不是长代码，可以很容易理解像鸡尾酒排序这样的算法。在本文中，使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript实现了鸡尾酒排序可视化程序。
先决条件：
- 鸡尾酒排序
- 基本的HTML、CSS和JavaScript
- JavaScript promises
- JavaScript的async/await函数
实现方法：
- 按钮 生成新数组 使用Math.random()函数生成一个随机值数组，并用高度对应的柱形表示。
- 使用不同的颜色来指示未排序（天蓝色）、已比较（红色）和已排序（浅绿色）的元素。
- 按钮 鸡尾酒排序 使用选择排序算法对元素进行排序。
- 最后，元素被排序。
示例：点击“生成新数组”按钮生成一个新的随机数组。点击鸡尾酒排序按钮进行可视化。
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<!-- head -->
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width,
initial-scale=1.0" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"
content="ie=edge" />
<!-- title -->
<title>Cocktail Sort Visualizer</title>
<!-- linking style.css -->
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<!-- body -->
<body>
<section class="head">Cocktail Sort</section>
<section class="data-container"></section>
<section id="ele"></section>
<div style="margin: auto;
width: fit-content">
<!-- "Generate New Array" button -->
<button class="btn1"
onclick="generate()"
id="Button1">
Generate New Array
</button>
<!-- "Cocktail Sort" button -->
<button class="btn2"
onclick="CocktailSort(),disable()"
id="Button2">
Cocktail Sort
</button>
</div>
<!-- linking script.js -->
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
CSS
/*style.css*/
.mySlides {
display: none;
}
body {
background-color: rgb(255, 235, 211);
font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;
}
.head {
margin-top: 20px;
margin-right: 20vw;
margin-left: 20vw;
text-align: center;
font-size: 30px;
background-color: #6f459e;
color: white;
border-radius: 19px;
font-weight: bolder;
}
.data-container {
width: 600px;
height: 364px;
position: relative;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.bar {
width: 28px;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
background-color: rgb(0, 183, 255);
transition: 0.2s all ease;
}
.bar__id {
position: absolute;
top: -24px;
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
.btn1 {
padding: 12px;
font-weight: bolder;
background-color: #6f459e;
border-radius: 10px;
color: white;
font-size: 16px;
border: white;
margin-top: 1vw;
margin-right: 1vw;
}
.btn2 {
padding: 12px;
font-weight: bolder;
background-color: #6f459e;
border-radius: 10px;
color: white;
font-size: 16px;
border: white;
}
#ele {
text-align: center;
height: 35px;
}
Javascript
//script.js
const container = document.querySelector(".data-container");
// Function to generate bars
function generatebars(num = 20) {
// For loop to generate 20 bars
for (let i = 0; i < num; i += 1) {
// To generate random values from 1 to 100
const value = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1;
// To create element "div"
const bar = document.createElement("div");
// To add class "bar" to "div"
bar.classList.add("bar");
// Provide height to the bar
bar.style.height = `{value * 3}px`;
// Translate the bar towards positive X axis
bar.style.transform = `translateX({i * 30}px)`;
// To create element "label"
const barLabel = document.createElement("label");
// To add class "bar_id" to "label"
barLabel.classList.add("bar__id");
// Assign value to "label"
barLabel.innerHTML = value;
// Append "Label" to "div"
bar.appendChild(barLabel);
// Append "div" to "data-container div"
container.appendChild(bar);
}
}
// Asynchronous function to perform "Cocktail Sort"
async function CocktailSort(delay = 600) {
let bars = document.querySelectorAll(".bar");
// Initialize swapped with true
let swapped = true;
// Initialize s with zero
let s = 0;
// Initialize e with 20
let e = 20;
while (swapped == true) {
swapped = false;
for (let i = s; i < e - 1; i++) {
// Assigning value of ith bar into value1
let value1 = parseInt(bars[i]
.childNodes[0].innerHTML);
// Assigning value of i+1th bar into value2
let value2 = parseInt(bars[i + 1]
.childNodes[0].innerHTML);
// To pause the execution of code for 300 milliseconds
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}
, 300));
// Provide red color to the ith bar
bars[i].style.backgroundColor = "red";
// Provide red color to the i+1th bar
bars[i + 1].style.backgroundColor = "red";
if (value1 > value2) {
let temp1 = bars[i].style.height;
let temp2 = bars[i].childNodes[0].innerText;
// To pause the execution of code for 300 milliseconds
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}
, 300));
// Swap ith bar with (i+1)th bar
bars[i].style.height = bars[i + 1].style.height;
bars[i].childNodes[0].innerText =
bars[i + 1].childNodes[0].innerText;
bars[i + 1].style.height = temp1;
bars[i + 1].childNodes[0].innerText = temp2;
// Set swapped
swapped = true;
}
// To pause the execution of code for 300 milliseconds
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}
, 300));
// Provide skyblue color to the ith bar
bars[i].style.backgroundColor = "rgb(0, 183, 255)";
// Provide skyblue color to the i+1th bar
bars[i + 1].style.backgroundColor = "rgb(0, 183, 255)";
}
if (swapped == false) {
break;
}
// Set swapped false
swapped = false;
e = e - 1;
for (var i = e - 1; i >= s; i--) {
// Assigning value of ith bar into value1
let value1 = parseInt(bars[i]
.childNodes[0].innerHTML);
// Assigning value of i+1th bar into value2
let value2 = parseInt(bars[i + 1]
.childNodes[0].innerHTML);
// To pause the execution of code for 300 milliseconds
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}
, 300));
// Provide red color to the ith bar
bars[i].style.backgroundColor = "red";
// Provide red color to the i+1th bar
bars[i + 1].style.backgroundColor = "red";
if (value1 > value2) {
let temp1 = bars[i].style.height;
let temp2 = bars[i].childNodes[0].innerText;
// To pause the execution of code for 300 milliseconds
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}
, 300));
// Swap ith bar with (i+1)th bar
bars[i].style.height = bars[i + 1].style.height;
bars[i].childNodes[0].innerText =
bars[i + 1].childNodes[0].innerText;
bars[i + 1].style.height = temp1;
bars[i + 1].childNodes[0].innerText = temp2;
// Set swapped
swapped = true;
}
// To pause the execution of code for 300 milliseconds
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}
, 300));
//Provide skyblue color to the ith bar
bars[i].style.backgroundColor = "rgb(0, 183, 255)";
// Provide skyblue color to the i+1th bar
bars[i + 1].style.backgroundColor = "rgb(0, 183, 255)";
}
s = s + 1;
}
for (let x = 0; x < 20; x++) {
bars[x].style.backgroundColor = "rgb(49, 226, 13)";
}
// To enable the button "Generate New Array" after final(sorted)
document.getElementById("Button1")
.disabled = false;
document.getElementById("Button1")
.style.backgroundColor = "#6f459e";
// To enable the button "Cocktail Sort" after final(sorted)
document.getElementById("Button2")
.disabled = false;
document.getElementById("Button2")
.style.backgroundColor = "#6f459e";
}
// Call "generatebars()" function
generatebars();
// Function to generate new random array
function generate() {
window.location.reload();
}
// function to disable the button
function disable() {
// To disable the button "Generate New Array"
document.getElementById("Button1")
.disabled = true;
document.getElementById("Button1")
.style.backgroundColor = "#d8b6ff";
// To disable the button "Cocktail Sort"
document.getElementById("Button2")
.disabled = true;
document.getElementById("Button2")
.style.backgroundColor = "#d8b6ff";
}
输出：
