C++ 重载自增++和自减–

自增(++)和自减(–)运算符是C++中两个重要的一元运算符。

下面的示例解释了如何重载前缀和后缀使用的自增(++)运算符。类似地，你也可以重载自减(–)运算符。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Time {
   private:
      int hours;             // 0 to 23
      int minutes;           // 0 to 59

   public:
      // required constructors
      Time() {
         hours = 0;
         minutes = 0;
      }
      Time(int h, int m) {
         hours = h;
         minutes = m;
      }

      // method to display time
      void displayTime() {
         cout << "H: " << hours << " M:" << minutes <<endl;
      }

      // overloaded prefix ++ operator
      Time operator++ () {
         ++minutes;          // increment this object
         if(minutes >= 60) {
            ++hours;
            minutes -= 60;
         }
         return Time(hours, minutes);
      }

      // overloaded postfix ++ operator
      Time operator++( int ) {

         // save the orignal value
         Time T(hours, minutes);

         // increment this object
         ++minutes;                    

         if(minutes >= 60) {
            ++hours;
            minutes -= 60;
         }

         // return old original value
         return T; 
      }
};

int main() {
   Time T1(11, 59), T2(10,40);

   ++T1;                    // increment T1
   T1.displayTime();        // display T1
   ++T1;                    // increment T1 again
   T1.displayTime();        // display T1

   T2++;                    // increment T2
   T2.displayTime();        // display T2
   T2++;                    // increment T2 again
   T2.displayTime();        // display T2
   return 0;
}

当上述代码被编译并执行时，产生以下结果−

H: 12 M:0
H: 12 M:1
H: 10 M:41
H: 10 M:42