Python – 访问语料库
语料库是一个包含多个文本文档集合的组。一个文本文档集合称为“语料库”。其中一个著名的语料库是 Gutenberg 语料库,包含约 25,000 本免费电子书,托管在 http://www.gutenberg.org/。在下面的例子中,我们仅访问语料库中以 .txt 结尾的明文文件的名称。
from nltk.corpus import gutenberg
fields = gutenberg.fileids()
print(fields)
当我们运行上面的程序时,我们得到以下输出 –
[austen-emma.txt', austen-persuasion.txt', austen-sense.txt', bible-kjv.txt',
blake-poems.txt', bryant-stories.txt', burgess-busterbrown.txt',
carroll-alice.txt', chesterton-ball.txt', chesterton-brown.txt',
chesterton-thursday.txt', edgeworth-parents.txt', melville-moby_dick.txt',
milton-paradise.txt', shakespeare-caesar.txt', shakespeare-hamlet.txt',
shakespeare-macbeth.txt', whitman-leaves.txt']
访问原始文本
我们可以使用 sent_tokenize 函数从这些文件中访问原始文本,该函数在 nltk 中也可用。在以下示例中,我们检索 blake poems 文本的前两段。
from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize
from nltk.corpus import gutenberg
sample = gutenberg.raw("blake-poems.txt")
token = sent_tokenize(sample)
for para in range(2):
print(token[para])
当我们运行上面的程序时,我们得到以下输出 –
[Poems by William Blake 1789]
SONGS OF INNOCENCE AND OF EXPERIENCE
and THE BOOK of THEL
SONGS OF INNOCENCE
INTRODUCTION
Piping down the valleys wild,
Piping songs of pleasant glee,
On a cloud I saw a child,
And he laughing said to me:
"Pipe a song about a Lamb!"
So I piped with merry cheer.