极客教程如何在Ubuntu上安装和使用命令行Cheat Sheets
Cheat是基于Python的命令行软件，它允许系统管理员查看并保存有用的Cheat Sheets。它检索分配命令的简单文本示例，以便提醒用户选择、参数或常见用法。Cheat用于“您经常使用的命令，但记不住的命令”。
阅读更多：Python 教程
安装Cheat
在安装Cheat之前，我们需要确保系统上的所有内容都已更新，如下所示-
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
使用Python软件包管理器Pip最好安装Cheat。要安装pip，请使用以下命令-
$ sudo apt-get install python-pip
要安装Cheat，请使用以下命令-
$ sudo pip install cheat
样品输出应该像这样-
Collecting cheat
Downloading cheat-2.1.24.tar.gz (42kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 51kB 89kB/s
Collecting docopt>=0.6.1 (from cheat)
Downloading docopt-0.6.2.tar.gz
Collecting pygments>=1.6.0 (from cheat)
Downloading Pygments-2.1.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (755kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 757kB 892kB/s
Installing collected packages: docopt, pygments, cheat
Running setup.py install for docopt ... done
Running setup.py install for cheat ... done
Successfully installed cheat-2.1.24 docopt-0.6.2 pygments-2.1.3
要验证是否安装了Cheat，请使用以下命令-
$ cheat -v
样品输出应该像这样-
cheat 2.1.24
设置文本编辑器
在我们创建自己的Cheat Sheets之前，我们可以让Cheat知道我们想要使用哪个文本编辑器来默认编辑表格。要设置nano文本编辑器，请使用以下命令-
$ export EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim
我们可以使用以下命令确认上面的命令是否成功-
$ printenv EDITOR
输出应该像这样-
/usr/bin/vim
为使此更改持久化且在所有未来shell会话中保持不变，必须将环境变量声明添加到您的.bashrc文件中。这是在bash shell会话开始时运行的几个文件之一。要打开bashrc文件，请使用以下命令-
$ nano ~/.bashrc
样品输出应该像这样-
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples
# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
export EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim
# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend
# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
然后像下面所示添加相同的导出命令
.....................................................
# If not running交互式的话，不执行任何操作
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
export EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim
# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
...........................................
保存并退出文件。
运行Cheat
要使用最基本的形式运行Cheat的tail命令，请使用以下命令-
$ cheat tail
样品输出应该像这样-
```python
# 显示文件的最后10行
tail file
# 显示文件的最后N行
tail -n N file
# 显示从第N行开始的文件最后的行
tail -n +N file
# 显示文件的最后N个字节
tail -c N file
# 显示文件的最后10行并等待文件增长
tail -f file
要查看所有现有的cheats，请使用以下命令-
$ cheat -l
输出应该像这样-
7z /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/7z
ab /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/ab
apk /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/apk
apparmor /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/apparmor
apt /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/apt
apt-cache /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/apt-cache
apt-get /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/apt-get
aptitude /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/aptitude
asciiart /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/asciiart
asterisk /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/asterisk
at /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/at
awk /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/awk
bash /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/bash
bower /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/bower
chmod /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/chmod
chown /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/chown
convert /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/convert
crontab /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/crontab
csplit /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/csplit
cups /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/cups
curl /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/curl
cut /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/cut
date /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/date
dd /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/dd
df /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/df
dhclient /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cheat/cheatsheets/dhclient
..............................................................................................
创建和编辑Cheatsheet
要创建一个cheatsheet，请使用以下命令-
$ cheat -e tutorialspoint
上述命令tutorialspoint是cheat sheet名称。它将打开一个空白的cheatsheet。现在添加您的cheats并保存它。
搜索Cheatsheet
要搜索cheatsheet，请使用以下命令-
$ cheat -s tail
上述命令正在搜索tail命令。样本输出应如图所示-
asterisk:
# 打印SIP账户的详细信息：
dnf:
# 搜索给定字符串的软件包详情
dpkg:
# 列出所有安装的软件包及其版本和详细信息
hardware-info:
# 显示所有硬件详细信息
journalctl:
# 活动跟踪日志（类似于tail -f）
mdadm:
# 查看详细的阵列配置/状态
mdadm --detail /dev/md${M}
mdadm --detail --scan > /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
p4:
# 打印与客户端和服务器配置相关的详细信息
pacman:
pacman -Ql | sed -n -e 's/.*\/bin\///p' | tail -n +2
pip:
# 显示包的详细信息
tail:
tail 文件
tail -n N 文件
tail -n +N 文件
tail -c N 文件
tail -f 文件
就这些了。阅读完本文之后，您将能够了解如何在Ubuntu上安装和使用命令行备忘单，我们还将提供更多基于Linux的技巧和提示。请继续阅读！