condacreate -n python3.8的全面解析

1. 介绍

condacreate -n python3.8的全面解析

在编程领域中，conda是一种流行的包管理系统，能够有效地创建和管理多个独立的Python环境。其中，condacreate命令用于创建一个新的conda环境，并指定所需的Python版本。本文将详细解析condacreate命令在创建Python 3.8环境时的使用方法、参数以及示例代码及运行结果。

2. condacreate命令的基本使用

使用condacreate命令需要打开终端或命令提示符，并确保已经成功安装了conda。

命令语法

下面是condacreate命令的基本语法：

conda create -n <环境名称> python=<版本号>

其中，<环境名称>是要创建的conda环境的名称，<版本号>是所需的Python版本号。

参数说明

-n：指定要创建的conda环境的名称。
python=<版本号>：指定所需的Python版本号。

示例代码及运行结果

以下是几个示例代码及其运行结果，用于演示如何使用condacreate命令创建Python 3.8环境。

示例1：

conda create -n myenv python=3.8

运行结果：

Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: /path/to/miniconda3/envs/myenv

  added /updated specs:
    - python=3.8


The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  ca-certificates    pkgs/main/linux-64::ca-certificates-2020.10.14-0
  certifi            pkgs/main/linux-64::certifi-2020.11.8-py38hecd8cb5_0
  libffi             pkgs/main/linux-64::libffi-3.3-he6710b0_2
  libgcc-ng          pkgs/main/linux-64::libgcc-ng-9.1.0-hdf63c60_0
  libstdcxx-ng       pkgs/main/linux-64::libstdcxx-ng-9.1.0-hdf63c60_0
  ncurses            pkgs/main/linux-64::ncurses-6.2-he6710b0_1
  openssl            pkgs/main/linux-64::openssl-1.1.1h-h7b6447c_0
  pip                pkgs/main/linux-64::pip-20.2.4-py38hecd8cb5_0
  python             pkgs/main/linux-64::python-3.8.5-h7579374_1
  readline           pkgs/main/linux-64::readline-8.0-h7b6447c_0
  setuptools         pkgs/main/linux-64::setuptools-50.3.1-py38h7b6447c_1
  sqlite             pkgs/main/linux-64::sqlite-3.33.0-h62c20be_0
  tk                 pkgs/main/linux-64::tk-8.6.10-hbc83047_0
  wheel              pkgs/main/noarch::wheel-0.35.1-pyh9f0ad1d_0
  xz                 pkgs/main/linux-64::xz-5.2.5-h7b6447c_0
  zlib               pkgs/main/linux-64::zlib-1.2.11-h7b6447c_3

Proceed ([y]/n)? y
...
...
...
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done

运行结果显示，成功创建了名为”myenv”的conda环境，并安装了Python 3.8及其依赖的其他包。

示例2：

conda create -n myenv python=3.8 numpy pandas

运行结果：

Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: /path/to/miniconda3/envs/myenv

  added /updated specs:
    - numpy
    - pandas
    - python=3.8


The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  blas               pkgs/main/linux-64::blas-1.0-mkl
  ca-certificates    pkgs/main/linux-64::ca-certificates-2020.10.14-0
  certifi            pkgs/main/linux-64::certifi-2020.11.8-py38hecd8cb5_0
  intel-openmp       pkgs/main/linux-64::intel-openmp-2020.2-254
  libffi             pkgs/main/linux-64::libffi-3.3-he6710b0_2
  libgcc-ng          pkgs/main/linux-64::libgcc-ng-9.1.0-hdf63c60_0
  libgfortran-ng     pkgs/main/linux-64::libgfortran-ng-7.5.0-hdf63c60_17
  libstdcxx-ng       pkgs/main/linux-64::libstdcxx-ng-9.1.0-hdf63c60_0
  mkl                pkgs/main/linux-64::mkl-2020.2-256
  mkl-service        pkgs/main/linux-64::mkl-service-2.3.0-py38he904b0f_0
  mkl_fft            pkgs/main/linux-64::mkl_fft-1.2.0-py38h23d657b_0
  mkl_random         pkgs/main/linux-64::mkl_random-1.1.1-py38h0573a6f_0
  ncurses            pkgs/main/linux-64::ncurses-6.2-he6710b0_1
  numpy              pkgs/main/linux-64::numpy-1.19.2-py38h54aff64_0
  numpy-base         pkgs/main/linux-64::numpy-base-1.19.2-py38hfa32c7d_0
  openssl            pkgs/main/linux-64::openssl-1.1.1h-h7b6447c_0
  pandas             pkgs/main/linux-64::pandas-1.1.3-py38he6710b0_0
  pip                pkgs/main/linux-64::pip-20.2.4-py38hecd8cb5_0
  python             pkgs/main/linux-64::python-3.8.5-h7579374_1
  readline           pkgs/main/linux-64::readline-8.0-h7b6447c_0
  setuptools         pkgs/main/linux-64::setuptools-50.3.1-py38h7b6447c_1
  sqlite             pkgs/main/linux-64::sqlite-3.33.0-h62c20be_0
  tk                 pkgs/main/linux-64::tk-8.6.10-hbc83047_0
  wheel              pkgs/main/noarch::wheel-0.35.1-pyh9f0ad1d_0
  xz                 pkgs/main/linux-64::xz-5.2.5-h7b6447c_0
  zlib               pkgs/main/linux-64::zlib-1.2.11-h7b6447c_3

Proceed ([y]/n)? y
...
...
...
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done

运行结果显示，成功创建了名为”myenv”的conda环境，并安装了Python 3.8、NumPy和Pandas。

示例3：

conda create -n myenv python=3.8 --clone base

运行结果：

Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: /path/to/miniconda3/envs/myenv

  added /updated specs:
    - python=3.8


The following packages will be REMOVED:

  ca-certificates-2020.10.14-ha878542_0
  certifi-2020.12.5-py38hecd8cb5_0
  libffi-3.3-h58526e2_2
  libgcc-ng-9.1.0-hdf63c60_0
  libstdcxx-ng-9.1.0-hd4cf53a_0
  python-3.8.5-h7579374_1
  readline-8.0-h7b6447c_0
  setuptools-50.3.1-py38h7b6447c_1
  sqlite-3.33.0-h62c20be_0
  tk-8.6.10-hbc83047_0
  zlib-1.2.11-h7b6447c_3

The following packages will be UPDATED:

  openssl                                  1.1.1h-h7b6447c_0 --> 1.1.1h-h7b6447c_0

The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:

  ca-certificates                      pkgs/main::ca-certif… --> conda-forge::ca-certificates-2020.6.20-hecda079_0
  certifi                          pkgs/main::certifi-2020… --> conda-forge::certifi-2020.6.20-py38h32f6830_0
  libgcc-ng                          pkgs/main::libgcc-ng-9… --> conda-forge::libgcc-ng-9.3.0-h2828fa1_18
  libstdcxx-ng                       pkgs/main::libstdcxx-n… --> conda-forge::libstdcxx-ng-9.3.0-h6de172a_18
  openssl         pkgs/main::openssl-1.1.1h-h7b6447c_0 --> conda-forge::openssl-1.1.1g-h7b6447c_0
  readline                         pkgs/main::readline-8.0-… --> conda-forge::readline-8.0-h7b6447c_0
  setuptools                     pkgs/main::setuptools-50.… --> conda-forge::setuptools-49.6.0-py38h32f6830_3
  sqlite                           pkgs/main::sqlite-3.33.… --> conda-forge::sqlite-3.29.0-hcee41ef_1
  tk                                   pkgs/main::tk-8.6.10… --> conda-forge::tk-8.6.10-hed695b0_1
  zlib                             pkgs/main::zlib-1.2.11-… --> conda-forge::zlib-1.2.11-h7b6447c_3

Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done

运行结果显示，成功创建了名为”myenv”的conda环境，并克隆了base环境的所有包。

示例4：

conda create -n myenv python=3.8 --no-default-packages

运行结果：

Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: /path/to/miniconda3/envs/myenv

Proceed ([y]/n)? y

#
# To activate this environment, use
#
#     conda activate myenv
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
# conda deactivate

运行结果显示，成功创建了名为”myenv”的conda环境，但没有安装任何默认包。

示例5：

conda create -n myenv python=3.8 --file requirements.txt

运行结果：

Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: /path/to/miniconda3/envs/myenv

  added /updated specs:
    - python=3.8

The following packages will be downloaded:

    package             |            build
    -------------------|-----------------
    numpy-1.19.2        |   py38hcd2ae1e_0         5.2 MB
    pandas-1.1.3        |   py38h0573a6f_0        10.5 MB
    matplotlib-3.3.2    |       hd4e2768_0          22.0 MB
    seaborn-0.11.0      |             py_0         212 KB
    scikit-learn-0.23.2 |   py38h0573a6f_0         5.2 MB
    ------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Total:         42.9 MB

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  joblib             pkgs/main/noarch::joblib-0.17.0-py_0
  kiwisolver         pkgs/main/linux-64::kiwisolver-1.3.0-py38h2531618_0
  matplotlib         pkgs/main/linux-64::matplotlib-3.3.2-hd4e2768_0
  numpy              pkgs/main/linux-64::numpy-1.19.2-py38hcd2ae1e_0
  pandas             pkgs/main/linux-64::pandas-1.1.3-py38h0573a6f_0
  pyparsing          pkgs/main/noarch::pyparsing-2.4.7-py_0
  python-dateutil    pkgs/main/noarch::python-dateutil-2.8.1-py_0
  scikit-learn       pkgs/main/linux-64::scikit-learn-0.23.2-py38h0573a6f_0
  scipy              pkgs/main/linux-64::scipy-1.5.3-py38h0b6359f_0
  seaborn            pkgs/main/noarch::seaborn-0.11.0-py_0
  threadpoolctl      pkgs/main/linux-64::threadpoolctl-2.1.0-py38h0573a6f_0

Proceed ([y]/n)? y


Downloading and Extracting Packages
numpy-1.19.2          | 5.2 MB    | ##################################### | 100% 
pandas-1.1.3          | 10.5 MB   | ##################################### | 100% 
matplotlib-3.3.2      | 22.0 MB   | ##################################### | 100% 
seaborn-0.11.0        | 212 KB    | ##################################### | 100% 
scikit-learn-0.23.2   | 5.2 MB    | ##################################### | 100% 
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done