Golang 结构体平等性

Golang中的结构是一种用户定义的类型，它允许我们将不同类型的元素组合成一个单元。任何现实世界中的实体，只要有一些属性或字段，都可以用结构来表示。这个概念通常与面向对象编程中的类相比。它可以被称为轻量级的类，不支持继承，但支持组合。
在Go语言中，如果两个结构的类型相同，并且包含相同的字段值，你可以在 ==运算符 或 DeeplyEqual()方法 的帮助下进行比较 。 如果两个结构的字段值相同，操作符和方法都会返回true，否则会返回false。而且，如果比较的变量属于不同的结构，那么编译器将给出一个错误。让我们借助例子来讨论这个概念：

注意： DeeplyEqual()方法是在 “reflect “包中定义的。
例1：

// Go program to illustrate the
// concept of struct equality
// using == operator
 
package main
 
import "fmt"
 
// Creating a structure
type Author struct {
    name      string
    branch    string
    language  string
    Particles int
}
 
// Main function
func main() {
 
    // Creating variables
    // of Author structure
    a1 := Author{
        name:      "Moana",
        branch:    "CSE",
        language:  "Python",
        Particles: 38,
    }
 
    a2 := Author{
        name:      "Moana",
        branch:    "CSE",
        language:  "Python",
        Particles: 38,
    }
 
    a3 := Author{
        name:      "Dona",
        branch:    "CSE",
        language:  "Python",
        Particles: 38,
    }
 
    // Checking if a1 is equal
    // to a2 or not
    // Using == operator
    if a1 == a2 {
     
        fmt.Println("Variable a1 is equal to variable a2")
         
    } else {
     
        fmt.Println("Variable a1 is not equal to variable a2")
    }
 
    // Checking if a1 is equal
    // to a2 or not
    // Using == operator
    if a2 == a3 {
     
        fmt.Println("Variable a2 is equal to variable a3")
         
    } else {
     
        fmt.Println("Variable a2 is not equal to variable a3")
    }
}

输出：

Variable a1 is equal to variable a2
Variable a2 is not equal to variable a3

例2：

// Go program to illustrate the
// concept of struct equality
// using DeepEqual() method
package main
 
import (
    "fmt"
    "reflect"
)
 
// Creating a structure
type Author struct {
    name      string
    branch    string
    language  string
    Particles int
}
 
// Main function
func main() {
 
    // Creating variables
    // of Author structure
    a1 := Author{
        name:      "Soana",
        branch:    "CSE",
        language:  "Perl",
        Particles: 48,
    }
 
    a2 := Author{
        name:      "Soana",
        branch:    "CSE",
        language:  "Perl",
        Particles: 48,
    }
 
    a3 := Author{
        name:      "Dia",
        branch:    "CSE",
        language:  "Perl",
        Particles: 48,
    }
     
    // Comparing a1 with a2
    // Using DeepEqual() method
    fmt.Println("Is a1 equal to a2: ", reflect.DeepEqual(a1, a2))
 
    // Comparing a2 with a3
    // Using DeepEqual() method
    fmt.Println("Is a2 equal to a3: ", reflect.DeepEqual(a2, a3))
}

输出：

Is a1 equal to a2:  true
Is a2 equal to a3:  false