SELECT column_name,
       CASE WHEN condition1 THEN result1
            WHEN condition2 THEN result2
            ELSE result
       END AS new_column_name
FROM table_name;

SELECT column_name,
       IF(condition, true_result, false_result) AS new_column_name
FROM table_name;

SELECT name,
       CASE WHEN score >= 60 THEN 'Pass'
            ELSE 'Fail'
       END AS result
FROM students;

SELECT name,
       IF(score >= 60, 'Pass', 'Fail') AS result
FROM students;

SELECT quantity,
       CASE WHEN quantity >= 1000 THEN quantity/1000 || 'k'
            ELSE quantity
       END AS result
FROM products;

SELECT quantity,
       IF(quantity >= 1000, quantity/1000 || 'k', quantity) AS result
FROM products;

SELECT name,
       CASE WHEN score >= 90 THEN 'A'
            WHEN score >= 80 THEN 'B'
            WHEN score >= 70 THEN 'C'
            ELSE 'D'
       END AS grade
FROM students;

SELECT name,
       IF(score >= 90, 'A', 
          IF(score >= 80, 'B',
             IF(score >= 70, 'C', 'D'))) AS grade
FROM students;