Python os.path.split()

Python中的os.path.split()方法用于把路径分割成 dirname 和 basename，返回一个元组。在这里，tail是最后一个路径名称组件，head是在此之前的所有内容。

例如，考虑下面的路径名:

path name = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'

在上面的例子中，’ file.txt ‘组件的路径名称是尾和’ /home/User/Desktop/ ‘是头.尾部分将永远不包含斜杠;如果路径名以斜杠结束，tail将为空，如果路径名中没有斜杠，head将为空。

例如:

     path                             head                 tail
'/home/user/Desktop/file.txt'   '/home/user/Desktop/'   'file.txt'
'/home/user/Desktop/'           '/home/user/Desktop/'    {empty}
'file.txt'                           {empty}            'file.txt'

语法:os.path.split(path)

参数:

path:表示文件系统路径的类路径对象。类路径对象是表示路径的str或bytes对象。

返回类型:该方法返回一个元组，表示指定路径名的头和尾。

示例1

使用 os.path.split() 方法

# Python program to explain os.path.split() method 
    
# importing os module 
import os
  
# path
path = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'
  
# Split the path in 
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
  
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n")
  
  
# path
path = '/home/User/Desktop/'
  
# Split the path in 
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
  
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n")
  
# path
path = 'file.txt'
  
# Split the path in 
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
  
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1])

输出:

Head of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': /home/User/Desktop
Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': file.txt 

Head of '/home/User/Desktop/': /home/User/Desktop
Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/':  

Head of 'file.txt': 
Tail of 'file.txt': file.txt

示例2

如果路径为空

# Python program to explain os.path.split() method 
    
# importing os module 
import os
  
# path
path = ''
  
# Split the path in 
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
  
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s':" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s':" % path, head_tail[1])
  
  
# os.path.split() function
# will return empty
# head and tail if 
# specified path is empty