Python MySQL Order By

当使用SELECT查询获取数据时，你可以使用OrderBy子句将结果按所需顺序（升序或降序）排序。默认情况下，该子句以升序排列结果，如果你需要以降序排列，你需要明确使用 “DESC”。

语法

以下是SELECT column-list的语法

FROM table_name
[WHERE condition]
[ORDER BY column1, column2,.. columnN] [ASC | DESC]; of the ORDER BY clause:

例子

Assume we have created a table in MySQL with name EMPLOYEES as −

mysql> CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(
   FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
   LAST_NAME CHAR(20),
   AGE INT,
   SEX CHAR(1),
   INCOME FLOAT
);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.36 sec)

如果我们使用INSERT语句在其中插入4条记录，如：

mysql> INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES
   ('Krishna', 'Sharma', 19, 'M', 2000),
   ('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000),
   ('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 25, 'F', 5000),
   ('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000);

下面的语句按照年龄的升序检索EMPLAYEE表中的内容。

mysql> SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY AGE;
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME | AGE  | SEX  | INCOME |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| Krishna    | Sharma    |   19 |    M |   2000 |
| Raj        | Kandukuri |   20 |    M |   7000 |
| Ramya      | Ramapriya |   25 |    F |   5000 |
| Mac        | Mohan     |   26 |    M |   2000 |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.04 sec)

You can also retrieve data in descending order using DESC as −

mysql> SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY FIRST_NAME, INCOME DESC;
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME | AGE  | SEX  | INCOME |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| Krishna    | Sharma    |   19 |    M |   2000 |
| Mac        | Mohan     |   26 |    M |   2000 |
| Raj        | Kandukuri |   20 |    M |   7000 |
| Ramya      | Ramapriya |   25 |    F |   5000 |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

使用python的ORDER BY子句

为了按照特定的顺序检索表的内容，在游标对象上调用 execute() 方法，并将SELECT语句和ORDER BY子句作为参数传递给它。

例子

在下面的例子中，我们创建了一个包含姓名和雇员的表，填充它，并使用ORDER BY子句按照年龄的（升序）顺序检索其记录。

import mysql.connector

#establishing the connection
conn = mysql.connector.connect(
   user='root', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', database='mydb')

#Creating a cursor object using the cursor() method
cursor = conn.cursor()

#Doping EMPLOYEE table if already exists.
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS EMPLOYEE")
sql = '''CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(
   FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
   LAST_NAME CHAR(20),
   AGE INT,
   SEX CHAR(1),
   INCOME FLOAT
)'''
cursor.execute(sql)

#Populating the table
insert_stmt = "INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE (FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME) 
   VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)"

data = [('Krishna', 'Sharma', 26, 'M', 2000), 
   ('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000),
   ('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 29, 'F', 5000),
   ('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000)]
cursor.executemany(insert_stmt, data)
conn.commit()

#Retrieving specific records using the ORDER BY clause
cursor.execute("SELECT * from EMPLOYEE ORDER BY AGE")
print(cursor.fetchall())

#Closing the connection
conn.close()

输出

[('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000.0), 
   ('Krishna', 'Sharma', 26, 'M', 2000.0), 
   ('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000.0), 
   ('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 29, 'F', 5000.0)
]

同样，你可以使用ORDER BY子句从表中以降序检索数据。

例子

import mysql.connector

#establishing the connection
conn = mysql.connector.connect(
   user='root', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', database='mydb')

#Creating a cursor object using the cursor() method
cursor = conn.cursor()

#Retrieving specific records using the ORDERBY clause
cursor.execute("SELECT * from EMPLOYEE ORDER BY INCOME DESC")
print(cursor.fetchall())

#Closing the connection
conn.close()

输出

[('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000.0), 
   ('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 29, 'F', 5000.0), 
   ('Krishna', 'Sharma', 26, 'M', 2000.0), 
   ('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000.0)
]