Python os.removedirs()

os模块中的所有函数在文件名和路径无效或不可访问，或其他具有正确类型但操作系统不接受的参数时都会引发OSError。

Python中的os.removedirs()方法用于递归地删除目录。如果成功删除了指定路径中的叶子目录，那么os.removedirs()将尝试依次删除路径中提到的所有父目录，直到出现错误为止。引发的错误会被忽略，因为要删除的目录非空会引发一般的错误。

例如，考虑以下路径:

'/home/User/Documents/foo/bar/baz'

在上面的路径中，os.removedirs()方法将首先尝试删除叶子目录.e ‘ baz ‘。如果叶子目录’ baz ‘被成功删除，那么方法将尝试删除’ /home/User/Documents/foo/bar ‘然后’ /home/User/Documents/foo/ ‘然后’ /home/User/Documents/foo/ ‘直到抛出一个错误。要删除的目录必须为空。

语法:os.removedirs(path)

参数:

path:表示文件路径的类路径对象。类路径对象是表示路径的字符串或字节对象。

返回类型:此方法不返回任何值。

示例1

使用os.removeirs()方法来删除一个空目录树

# Python program to explain os.removedirs() method 
    
# importing os module 
import os
  
# Leaf Directory name
directory = "baz"
  
# Parent Directory
parent = "/home/User/Documents/foo/bar"
  
# Path
path = os.path.join(parent, directory)
  
# Remove the Directory
# "baz"
os.removedirs(path)
print("Directory '%s' has been removed successfully" %directory)
  
# All parent directory
# of 'baz' will be also
# removed if they are empty

输出:

Directory 'baz' has been removed successfully

示例2

使用os.removeirs()方法时可能出现的错误

# Python program to explain os.removedirs() method 
    
# importing os module 
import os
  
  
# If the specified path 
# is not a directory
# then 'NotADirectoryError'
# exception will be raised
  
# If the specified path 
# is not an empty directory
# then an 'OSError'
# will be raised
  
# If there is any
# permission issue while
# removing the directory
# then the 'PermissionError'
# exception will be raised
  
  
# similarly if specified path
# is invalid an 'OSError'
# will be raised
  
# Path
path = '/home/User/Documents/ihritik/file.txt'
  
# Try to remove
# the specified path
os.removedirs(path)

输出:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "removedirs.py", line 33, in 
    os.removedirs(path)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/os.py", line 238, in removedirs
    rmdir(name)
NotADirectoryError: [Errno 20] Not a directory: '/home/User/Documents/ihritik/file.txt'

示例3

处理使用os.removeirs()方法时的错误

# Python program to explain os.removedirs() method 
    
# importing os module 
import os
  
# Path
path = '/home/User/Documents/ihritik/file.txt'
  
# Try to remove
# the specified path
  
try:
    os.removedirs(path)
    print("Director removed successfully")
  
# If path is not a directory
except NotADirectoryError:
    print("Specified path is not a directory.")
  
# If permission related errors
except PermissionError:
    print("Permission denied.")
  
# for other errors
except OSError as error:
    print(error)
    print("Directory can not be removed")

输出: