Python MongoDB 删除文档

你可以使用MongoDB的 remove() 方法删除一个集合中的文档。这个方法接受两个可选参数–

删除标准，指定删除文档的条件。
只需一个，如果你传递true或1作为第二个参数，那么只有一个文档会被删除。

语法

以下是remove()方法的语法-

>db.COLLECTION_NAME.remove(DELLETION_CRITTERIA)

例子

假设我们创建了一个集合，并在其中插入了5个文件，如下图所示

> use testDB
switched to db testDB
> db.createCollection("myColl")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> data = [
   ... {"_id": "1001", "name": "Ram", "age": "26", "city": "Hyderabad"},
   ... {"_id": "1002", "name": "Rahim", "age": 27, "city": "Bangalore"},
   ... {"_id": "1003", "name": "Robert", "age": 28, "city": "Mumbai"},
   ... {"_id": "1004", "name": "Romeo", "age": 25, "city": "Pune"},
   ... {"_id": "1005", "name": "Sarmista", "age": 23, "city": "Delhi"},
   ... {"_id": "1006", "name": "Rasajna", "age": 26, "city": "Chennai"}
]
> db.sample.insert(data)
BulkWriteResult({
   "writeErrors" : [ ],
   "writeConcernErrors" : [ ],
   "nInserted" : 6,
   "nUpserted" : 0,
   "nMatched" : 0,
   "nModified" : 0,
   "nRemoved" : 0,
   "upserted" : [ ]
})

下面的查询删除了集合中名称为Sarmista的文档。

> db.sample.remove({"name": "Sarmista"})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.sample.find()
{ "_id" : "1001", "name" : "Ram", "age" : "26", "city" : "Hyderabad" }
{ "_id" : "1002", "name" : "Rahim", "age" : 27, "city" : "Bangalore" }
{ "_id" : "1003", "name" : "Robert", "age" : 28, "city" : "Mumbai" }
{ "_id" : "1004", "name" : "Romeo", "age" : 25, "city" : "Pune" }
{ "_id" : "1006", "name" : "Rasajna", "age" : 26, "city" : "Chennai" }

如果你调用 remove() 方法而不传递删除条件，集合中的所有文件都将被删除。

> db.sample.remove({})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 5 })
> db.sample.find()

使用python删除文档

要从MangoDB的一个集合中删除文档，可以使用 delete_one() 和 delete_many( )方法从一个集合中删除文档。

这些方法接受一个查询对象，指定删除文档的条件。

在匹配的情况下，delete_one()方法会删除单个文档。如果没有指定查询，该方法将删除集合中的第一个文档。

例子

下面的python例子删除了集合中id值为1006的文档。

from pymongo import MongoClient

#Creating a pymongo client
client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)

#Getting the database instance
db = client['lpaksgf']

#Creating a collection
coll = db['example']

#Inserting document into a collection
data = [
   {"_id": "1001", "name": "Ram", "age": "26", "city": "Hyderabad"},
   {"_id": "1002", "name": "Rahim", "age": "27", "city": "Bangalore"},
   {"_id": "1003", "name": "Robert", "age": "28", "city": "Mumbai"},
   {"_id": "1004", "name": "Romeo", "age": 25, "city": "Pune"},
   {"_id": "1005", "name": "Sarmista", "age": 23, "city": "Delhi"},
   {"_id": "1006", "name": "Rasajna", "age": 26, "city": "Chennai"}
]
res = coll.insert_many(data)
print("Data inserted ......")

#Deleting one document
coll.delete_one({"_id" : "1006"})

#Retrieving all the records using the find() method
print("Documents in the collection after update operation: ")

for doc2 in coll.find():
   print(doc2)

输出

Data inserted ......
Documents in the collection after update operation:
{'_id': '1001', 'name': 'Ram', 'age': '26', 'city': 'Hyderabad'}
{'_id': '1002', 'name': 'Rahim', 'age': '27', 'city': 'Bangalore'}
{'_id': '1003', 'name': 'Robert', 'age': '28', 'city': 'Mumbai'}
{'_id': '1004', 'name': 'Romeo', 'age': 25, 'city': 'Pune'}
{'_id': '1005', 'name': 'Sarmista', 'age': 23, 'city': 'Delhi'}

同样，pymongo的 ** delete_many()** 方法也会删除所有符合指定条件的文档。

例子

下面的例子删除了集合中年龄大于26岁的所有文件。

from pymongo import MongoClient

#Creating a pymongo client
client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)

#Getting the database instance
db = client['sampleDB']

#Creating a collection
coll = db['example']

#Inserting document into a collection
data = [
   {"_id": "1001", "name": "Ram", "age": "26", "city": "Hyderabad"},
   {"_id": "1002", "name": "Rahim", "age": "27", "city": "Bangalore"},
   {"_id": "1003", "name": "Robert", "age": "28", "city": "Mumbai"},
   {"_id": "1004", "name": "Romeo", "age": "25", "city": "Pune"},
   {"_id": "1005", "name": "Sarmista", "age": "23", "city": "Delhi"},
   {"_id": "1006", "name": "Rasajna", "age": "26", "city": "Chennai"}
]
res = coll.insert_many(data)
print("Data inserted ......")

#Deleting multiple documents
coll.delete_many({"age":{"$gt":"26"}})

#Retrieving all the records using the find() method
print("Documents in the collection after update operation: ")

for doc2 in coll.find():
   print(doc2)

输出

Data inserted ......
Documents in the collection after update operation:
{'_id': '1001', 'name': 'Ram', 'age': '26', 'city': 'Hyderabad'}
{'_id': '1004', 'name': 'Romeo', 'age': '25', 'city': 'Pune'}
{'_id': '1005', 'name': 'Sarmista', 'age': '23', 'city': 'Delhi'}
{'_id': '1006', 'name': 'Rasajna', 'age': '26', 'city': 'Chennai'}

如果你调用delete_many()方法而不传递任何查询，这个方法会删除集合中的所有文档。