Python MongoDB – 排序

在检索一个集合的内容时，你可以使用 ** sort()** 方法将它们按升序或降序进行排序和排列。

在这个方法中，你可以传递字段和排序顺序，即1或-1。其中，1代表升序，-1代表降序。

语法

以下是 sort() 方法的语法。

>db.COLLECTION_NAME.find().sort({KEY:1})

例子

假设我们创建了一个集合，并在其中插入了5个文件，如下图所示

> use testDB
switched to db testDB
> db.createCollection("myColl")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> data = [
   ... {"_id": "1001", "name": "Ram", "age": "26", "city": "Hyderabad"},
   ... {"_id": "1002", "name": "Rahim", "age": 27, "city": "Bangalore"},
   ... {"_id": "1003", "name": "Robert", "age": 28, "city": "Mumbai"},
   ... {"_id": "1004", "name": "Romeo", "age": 25, "city": "Pune"},
   ... {"_id": "1005", "name": "Sarmista", "age": 23, "city": "Delhi"},
   ... {"_id": "1006", "name": "Rasajna", "age": 26, "city": "Chennai"}
]
> db.sample.insert(data)
BulkWriteResult({
   "writeErrors" : [ ],
   "writeConcernErrors" : [ ],
   "nInserted" : 6,
   "nUpserted" : 0,
   "nMatched" : 0,
   "nModified" : 0,
   "nRemoved" : 0,
   "upserted" : [ ]
})

下面一行检索所有的文件，这些文件根据年龄以升序进行排序。

> db.sample.find().sort({age:1})
{ "_id" : "1005", "name" : "Sarmista", "age" : 23, "city" : "Delhi" }
{ "_id" : "1004", "name" : "Romeo", "age" : 25, "city" : "Pune" }
{ "_id" : "1006", "name" : "Rasajna", "age" : 26, "city" : "Chennai" }
{ "_id" : "1002", "name" : "Rahim", "age" : 27, "city" : "Bangalore" }
{ "_id" : "1003", "name" : "Robert", "age" : 28, "city" : "Mumbai" }
{ "_id" : "1001", "name" : "Ram", "age" : "26", "city" : "Hyderabad" }

使用python对文档进行排序

为了对查询的结果进行升序或降序排序，pymongo提供了 ** sort()** 方法。在这个方法中，传递一个数字，代表你需要的结果中的文档数量。

默认情况下，该方法会根据指定的字段以升序对文档进行排序。如果你需要以降序排序，请将-1与字段名一起传入。

coll.find().sort("age",-1)

例子

下面的例子检索了一个集合中的所有文件，这些文件是根据年龄值以升序排列的。

from pymongo import MongoClient

#Creating a pymongo client
client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)

#Getting the database instance
db = client['b_mydb']

#Creating a collection
coll = db['myColl']

#Inserting document into a collection
data = [
   {"_id": "1001", "name": "Ram", "age": "26", "city": "Hyderabad"},
   {"_id": "1002", "name": "Rahim", "age": "27", "city": "Bangalore"},
   {"_id": "1003", "name": "Robert", "age": "28", "city": "Mumbai"},
   {"_id": "1004", "name": "Romeo", "age": 25, "city": "Pune"},
   {"_id": "1005", "name": "Sarmista", "age": 23, "city": "Delhi"},
   {"_id": "1006", "name": "Rasajna", "age": 26, "city": "Chennai"}
]
res = coll.insert_many(data)
print("Data inserted ......")

#Retrieving first 3 documents using the find() and limit() methods
print("List of documents (sorted in ascending order based on age): ")

for doc1 in coll.find().sort("age"):
   print(doc1)

输出

Data inserted ......
List of documents (sorted in ascending order based on age):
{'_id': '1005', 'name': 'Sarmista', 'age': 23, 'city': 'Delhi'}
{'_id': '1004', 'name': 'Romeo', 'age': 25, 'city': 'Pune'}
{'_id': '1006', 'name': 'Rasajna', 'age': 26, 'city': 'Chennai'}
{'_id': '1001', 'name': 'Ram', 'age': '26', 'city': 'Hyderabad'}
{'_id': '1002', 'name': 'Rahim', 'age': '27', 'city': 'Bangalore'}
{'_id': '1003', 'name': 'Robert', 'age': '28', 'city': 'Mumbai'}