Perl 变量,perl 中有三种类型的变量:标量,标量和散列数组。让我们在示例的帮助下逐一学习它们。 标量 标量单一数据单元。标量可以是整数,浮点数,字符串等。标量变量以$符号为前缀。让我们看看下面的 perl 脚本,其中我们有三个标量变量。 #!/usr/bin/perl # Integer age = 29; # Stringname = "Chaitanya Singh"; # Float height = 180.88; print "Name:name\n"; print "Age: age\n"; print "Height:height\n"; PerlCopy 输出: Name: Chaitanya Singh Age: 29 Height: 180.88 PerlCopy 数组 数组是标量的有序列表,数组变量的前缀为@符号,如下例所示: #!/usr/bin/perl @friends = ("Ajeet", "Leo", "Rahul", "Dhruv"); print "\friends[0] =friends[0]\n"; print "\friends[1] =friends[1]\n"; print "\friends[2] =friends[2]\n"; print "\friends[3] =friends[3]\n"; PerlCopy 输出: $friends[0] = Ajeet $friends[1] = Leo $friends[2] = Rahul $friends[3] = DhruvPerlCopy 哈希(也称为关联数组) 哈希是一组键值对。哈希变量以%符号为前缀。让我们看看下面的例子: #!/usr/bin/perl %age = ('Chaitanya Singh', 29, 'Ajeet', 28, 'Lisa', 25); print "\age{'Lisa'}:age{'Lisa'}\n"; print "\age{'Chaitanya Singh'}:age{'Chaitanya Singh'}\n"; print "\age{'Ajeet'}:age{'Ajeet'}\n"; PerlCopy 输出: $age{'Lisa'}: 25 $age{'Chaitanya Singh'}: 29 $age{'Ajeet'}: 28 PerlCopy