Java String
split
方法用于根据给定的分隔符或正则表达式将String
拆分为其子串。
例如:
String: [email protected]
Regular Expression: @
Output : {"chaitanya", "singh"}
Java 字符串拆分方法
我们在String
类中有两种split()
方法。
String[] split(String regex)
:在根据分隔正则表达式拆分输入String
后返回一个字符串数组。-
String[] split(String regex, int limit)
:当我们想要限制子串时,使用这个String split
方法。此方法与上述方法的唯一区别在于它限制了拆分后返回的字符串数。对于例如split("anydelimiter", 3)
将返回仅 3 个字符串的数组,即使字符串中的分隔符超过 3 次也是如此。
如果限制为负,则返回的数组将具有尽可能多的子串,但是当限制为零时,返回的数组将具有除尾随空字符串之外的所有子串。
如果指定正则表达式的语法无效,则抛出PatternSyntaxException
。
Java String
拆分示例
public class SplitExample{
public static void main(String args[]){
// This is out input String
String str = new String("28/12/2013");
System.out.println("split(String regex):");
/* Here we are using first variation of java string split method
* which splits the string into substring based on the regular
* expression, there is no limit on the substrings
*/
String array1[]= str.split("/");
for (String temp: array1){
System.out.println(temp);
}
/* Using second variation of split method here. Since the limit is passed
* as 2\. This method would only produce two substrings.
*/
System.out.println("split(String regex, int limit) with limit=2:");
String array2[]= str.split("/", 2);
for (String temp: array2){
System.out.println(temp);
}
System.out.println("split(String regex, int limit) with limit=0:");
String array3[]= str.split("/", 0);
for (String temp: array3){
System.out.println(temp);
}
/* When we pass limit as negative. The split method works same as the first variation
* because negative limit says that the method returns substrings with no limit.
*/
System.out.println("split(String regex, int limit) with limit=-5:");
String array4[]= str.split("/", -5);
for (String temp: array4){
System.out.println(temp);
}
}
}
输出:
split(String regex):
28
12
2013
split(String regex, int limit) with limit=2:
28
12/2013
split(String regex, int limit) with limit=0:
28
12
2013
split(String regex, int limit) with limit=-5:
28
12
2013
java 字符串拆分方法中零和负限制之间的差异
在上面的示例中,split("/", 0)
和split("/", -5)
返回相同的值,但在某些情况下,结果会有所不同。让我们通过一个例子来看看这两者之间的区别:
String s="bbaaccaa";
String arr1[]= s.split("a", -1);
String arr2[]= s.split("a", 0);
在这种情况下,arr1
将具有{"bb","","cc","",""}
但是arr2
将具有{"bb","","cc"}
,因为限制零不包括试验空字符串。
让我们看看完整的程序。
public class JavaExample{
public static void main(String args[]){
// This is out input String
String s = new String("bbaaccaa");
//Splitting with limit as 0
String arr2[]= s.split("a", 0);
System.out.println("Zero Limit split:");
for (String str2: arr2){
System.out.println(str2);
}
//Splitting with negative limit
String arr1[]= s.split("a", -1);
System.out.println("Negative Limit split:");
for (String str: arr1){
System.out.println(str);
}
System.out.println("End of program");
}
}
输出:
Java 带有多个分隔符(特殊字符)的字符串拆分
让我们看看我们如何在使用split()
方法时传递多个分隔符。在这个例子中,我们基于多个特殊字符拆分输入字符串。
public class JavaExample{
public static void main(String args[]){
String s = " ,ab;gh,bc;pq#kkbb";
String[] str = s.split("[,;#]");
//Total how many substrings? The array length
System.out.println("Number of substrings: "+str.length);
for (int i=0; i < str.length; i++) {
System.out.println("Str["+i+"]:"+str[i]);
}
}
}
输出:
让我们再练习几个例子:
示例:Java String split
方法中的正则表达式
public class SplitExample1 {
public static void main(String args[])
{
String str = "helloxyzhixyzbye";
String[] arr = str.split("xyz");
for (String s : arr)
System.out.println(s);
}
}
输出:
hello
hi
bye
示例:基于空格分割字符串
public class SplitExample2 {
public static void main(String args[])
{
String str = "My name is Chaitanya";
//regular expression is a whitespace here
String[] arr = str.split(" ");
for (String s : arr)
System.out.println(s);
}
}
输出:
My
name
is
Chaitanya