MariaDB WHERE子句
WHERE 子句用于过滤各种语句,如SELECT、UPDATE、DELETE和INSERT。它们提供用于指定操作的条件。它们通常出现在语句中的表名之后,并且其条件紧随其后。WHERE子句本质上起到了if语句的作用。
请查看下面给出的WHERE子句的一般语法:
[COMMAND] field,field2,... FROM table_name,table_name2,... WHERE [CONDITION]
注意WHERE子句的以下特点−
- 它是可选的。
-
它允许指定任何条件。
-
它可以通过使用AND或OR运算符指定多个条件。
-
大小写敏感仅适用于使用LIKE比较的语句。
WHERE子句允许使用以下运算符−
Operator |
---|
= != |
> < |
>= <= |
WHERE子句可以在命令提示符或PHP脚本中使用。
命令提示符
在命令提示符下,只需使用标准命令-
root@host# mysql -u root -p password;
Enter password:*******
mysql> use PRODUCTS;
Database changed
mysql> SELECT * from products_tbl WHERE product_manufacturer = 'XYZ Corp';
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| ID_number | Nomenclature | product_manufacturer |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| 12345 | Orbitron 4000 | XYZ Corp |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| 12346 | Orbitron 3000 | XYZ Corp |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
| 12347 | Orbitron 1000 | XYZ Corp |
+-------------+----------------+----------------------+
以使用 AND 条件为例进行审查 –
SELECT *
FROM products_tbl
WHERE product_name = 'Bun Janshu 3000';
AND product_id <= 344;
这个示例结合了AND和OR条件
SELECT *
FROM products_tbl
WHERE (product_name = 'Bun Janshu 3000' AND product_id < 344)
OR (product_name = 'Bun Janshu 3000');
使用Where子句的PHP脚本
在使用WHERE子句进行操作时,应使用 mysql_query() 函数。
<?php
dbhost = 'localhost:3036';dbuser = 'root';
dbpass = 'rootpassword';conn = mysql_connect(dbhost,dbuser, dbpass);
if(!conn ) {
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
sql = 'SELECT product_id, product_name, product_manufacturer, ship_date
FROM products_tbl
WHERE product_manufacturer = "XYZ Corp"';
mysql_select_db('PRODUCTS');retval = mysql_query( sql,conn );
if(! retval ) {
die('Could not get data: ' . mysql_error());
}
while(row = mysql_fetch_array(retval, MYSQL_ASSOC)) {
echo "Product ID :{row['product_id']} <br> ".
"Name: {row['product_name']} <br> ".
"Manufacturer: {row['product_manufacturer']} <br> ".
"Ship Date: {row['ship_date']} <br> ".
"--------------------------------<br>";
}
echo "Fetched data successfully\n";
mysql_close(conn);
?>
在成功检索数据后,您将看到以下输出-
Product ID: 12345
Nomenclature: Orbitron 4000
Manufacturer: XYZ Corp
Ship Date: 01/01/17
----------------------------------------------
Product ID: 12346
Nomenclature: Orbitron 3000
Manufacturer: XYZ Corp
Ship Date: 01/02/17
----------------------------------------------
Product ID: 12347
Nomenclature: Orbitron 1000
Manufacturer: XYZ Corp
Ship Date: 01/02/17
----------------------------------------------
mysql> Fetched data successfully