Java 集合 HashMap|极客教程

HashMap是一个基于Map的集合类，用于存储键值对，表示为HashMap<Key, Value>或HashMap<K, V>。此类不保证映射的顺序。它类似于Hashtable类，除了它是不同步的并且允许空值（空值和空键）。

它不是有序集合，这意味着它不会按照它们插入HashMap的顺序返回键和值。它不会对存储的键和值进行排序。您必须导入java.util.HashMap或其超类才能使用HashMap类和方法。

Java 中的`HashMap`示例：

在这个例子中，我们已经演示了几乎所有HashMap类的重要方法。

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
public class Details {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      /* This is how to declare HashMap */
      HashMap<Integer, String> hmap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();

      /*Adding elements to HashMap*/
      hmap.put(12, "Chaitanya");
      hmap.put(2, "Rahul");
      hmap.put(7, "Singh");
      hmap.put(49, "Ajeet");
      hmap.put(3, "Anuj");

      /* Display content using Iterator*/
      Set set = hmap.entrySet();
      Iterator iterator = set.iterator();
      while(iterator.hasNext()) {
         Map.Entry mentry = (Map.Entry)iterator.next();
         System.out.print("key is: "+ mentry.getKey() + " & Value is: ");
         System.out.println(mentry.getValue());
      }

      /* Get values based on key*/
      String var= hmap.get(2);
      System.out.println("Value at index 2 is: "+var);

      /* Remove values based on key*/
      hmap.remove(3);
      System.out.println("Map key and values after removal:");
      Set set2 = hmap.entrySet();
      Iterator iterator2 = set2.iterator();
      while(iterator2.hasNext()) {
          Map.Entry mentry2 = (Map.Entry)iterator2.next();
          System.out.print("Key is: "+mentry2.getKey() + " & Value is: ");
          System.out.println(mentry2.getValue());
       }

   }
}

输出：

key is: 49 & Value is: Ajeet
key is: 2 & Value is: Rahul
key is: 3 & Value is: Anuj
key is: 7 & Value is: Singh
key is: 12 & Value is: Chaitanya
Value at index 2 is: Rahul
Map key and values after removal:
Key is: 49 & Value is: Ajeet
Key is: 2 & Value is: Rahul
Key is: 7 & Value is: Singh
Key is: 12 & Value is: Chaitanya