极客教程Docker 安装 Tomcat
方法一、docker pull tomcat
查找 Docker Hub 上的 Tomcat 镜像:
可以通过 Sort by 查看其他版本的 tomcat，默认是最新版本 tomcat:latest。
此外，我们还可以用 docker search tomcat 命令来查看可用版本：
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcat$ docker search tomcat
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementa... 744 [OK]
dordoka/tomcat Ubuntu 14.04, Oracle JDK 8 and Tomcat 8 ba... 19 [OK]
consol/tomcat-7.0 Tomcat 7.0.57, 8080, "admin/admin" 16 [OK]
consol/tomcat-8.0 Tomcat 8.0.15, 8080, "admin/admin" 14 [OK]
cloudesire/tomcat Tomcat server, 6/7/8 8 [OK]
davidcaste/alpine-tomcat Apache Tomcat 7/8 using Oracle Java 7/8 wi... 6 [OK]
andreptb/tomcat Debian Jessie based image with Apache Tomc... 4 [OK]
kieker/tomcat 2 [OK]
fbrx/tomcat Minimal Tomcat image based on Alpine Linux 2 [OK]
jtech/tomcat Latest Tomcat production distribution on l... 1 [OK]
这里我们拉取官方的镜像：
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcat$ docker pull tomcat
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到 REPOSITORY 为 tomcat 的镜像。
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcat$ docker images|grep tomcat
tomcat latest 70f819d3d2d9 7 days ago 335.8 MB
方法二、通过 Dockerfile 构建
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录tomcat,用于存放后面的相关东西。
geekdoc@geekdoc:~$ mkdir -p ~/tomcat/webapps ~/tomcat/logs ~/tomcat/conf
webapps 目录将映射为 tomcat 容器配置的应用程序目录。
logs 目录将映射为 tomcat 容器的日志目录。
conf 目录里的配置文件将映射为 tomcat 容器的配置文件。
进入创建的 tomcat 目录，创建 Dockerfile。
FROM openjdk:8-jre
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat
ENV PATH CATALINA_HOME/bin:PATH
RUN mkdir -p "CATALINA_HOME"
WORKDIRCATALINA_HOME
# let "Tomcat Native" live somewhere isolated
ENV TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR CATALINA_HOME/native-jni-lib
ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH{LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR
# runtime dependencies for Tomcat Native Libraries
# Tomcat Native 1.2+ requires a newer version of OpenSSL than debian:jessie has available
# > checking OpenSSL library version >= 1.0.2...
# > configure: error: Your version of OpenSSL is not compatible with this version of tcnative
# see http://tomcat.10.x6.nabble.com/VOTE-Release-Apache-Tomcat-8-0-32-tp5046007p5046024.html (and following discussion)
# and https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/pull/31
ENV OPENSSL_VERSION 1.1.0f-3+deb9u2
RUN set -ex; \
currentVersion="(dpkg-query --show --showformat '{Version}\n' openssl)"; \
if dpkg --compare-versions "currentVersion" '<<' "OPENSSL_VERSION"; then \
if ! grep -q stretch /etc/apt/sources.list; then \
# only add stretch if we're not already building from within stretch
{ \
echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch main'; \
echo 'deb http://security.debian.org stretch/updates main'; \
echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates main'; \
} > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch.list; \
{ \
# add a negative "Pin-Priority" so that we never ever get packages from stretch unless we explicitly request them
echo 'Package: *'; \
echo 'Pin: release n=stretch*'; \
echo 'Pin-Priority: -10'; \
echo; \
# ... except OpenSSL, which is the reason we're here
echo 'Package: openssl libssl*'; \
echo "Pin: version OPENSSL_VERSION"; \
echo 'Pin-Priority: 990'; \
}>/etc/apt/preferences.d/stretch-openssl; \
fi; \
apt-get update; \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends openssl="OPENSSL_VERSION"; \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
fi
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
libapr1 \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# see https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/KEYS
# see also "update.sh" (https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/blob/master/update.sh)
ENV GPG_KEYS 05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23
ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR 8
ENV TOMCAT_VERSION 8.5.32
ENV TOMCAT_SHA512 fc010f4643cb9996cad3812594190564d0a30be717f659110211414faf8063c61fad1f18134154084ad3ddfbbbdb352fa6686a28fbb6402d3207d4e0a88fa9ce
ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS \
# https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/INFRA-8753?focusedCommentId=14735394#comment-14735394
https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \
# if the version is outdated, we might have to pull from the dist/archive :/
https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \
https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \
https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz
ENV TOMCAT_ASC_URLS \
https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \
# not all the mirrors actually carry the .asc files :'(
https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \
https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \
https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-TOMCAT_MAJOR/vTOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc
RUN set -eux; \
\
savedAptMark="(apt-mark showmanual)"; \
apt-get update; \
\
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gnupg dirmngr; \
\
export GNUPGHOME="(mktemp -d)"; \
for key inGPG_KEYS; do \
gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "key"; \
done; \
\
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends wget ca-certificates; \
\
success=; \
for url inTOMCAT_TGZ_URLS; do \
if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz "url"; then \
success=1; \
break; \
fi; \
done; \
[ -n "success" ]; \
\
echo "TOMCAT_SHA512 *tomcat.tar.gz" | sha512sum -c -; \
\
success=; \
for url inTOMCAT_ASC_URLS; do \
if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz.asc "url"; then \
success=1; \
break; \
fi; \
done; \
[ -n "success" ]; \
\
gpg --batch --verify tomcat.tar.gz.asc tomcat.tar.gz; \
tar -xvf tomcat.tar.gz --strip-components=1; \
rm bin/*.bat; \
rm tomcat.tar.gz*; \
rm -rf "GNUPGHOME"; \
\
nativeBuildDir="(mktemp -d)"; \
tar -xvf bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz -C "nativeBuildDir" --strip-components=1; \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
dpkg-dev \
gcc \
libapr1-dev \
libssl-dev \
make \
"openjdk-{JAVA_VERSION%%[.~bu-]*}-jdk=JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION" \
; \
( \
export CATALINA_HOME="PWD"; \
cd "nativeBuildDir/native"; \
gnuArch="(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)"; \
./configure \
--build="gnuArch" \
--libdir="TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR" \
--prefix="CATALINA_HOME" \
--with-apr="(which apr-1-config)" \
--with-java-home="(docker-java-home)" \
--with-ssl=yes; \
make -j "(nproc)"; \
make install; \
); \
rm -rf "nativeBuildDir"; \
rm bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz; \
\
# reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies
apt-mark auto '.*'>/dev/null; \
[ -z "savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual savedAptMark; \
apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false; \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
\
# sh removes env vars it doesn't support (ones with periods)
# https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/issues/77
find ./bin/ -name '*.sh' -exec sed -ri 's|^#!/bin/sh|#!/usr/bin/env bash|' '{}' +
# verify Tomcat Native is working properly
RUN set -e \
&& nativeLines="(catalina.sh configtest 2>&1)" \
&& nativeLines="(echo "nativeLines" | grep 'Apache Tomcat Native')" \
&& nativeLines="(echo "nativeLines" | sort -u)" \
&& if ! echo "nativeLines" | grep 'INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library' >&2; then \
echo >&2 "$nativeLines"; \
exit 1; \
fi
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
通过 Dockerfile 创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字：
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcat$ docker build -t tomcat .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像：
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcat$ docker images|grep tomcat
tomcat latest 70f819d3d2d9 7 days ago 335.8 MB
使用 tomcat 镜像
运行容器
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcatdocker run --name tomcat -p 8080:8080 -vPWD/test:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test -d tomcat
acb33fcb4beb8d7f1ebace6f50f5fc204b1dbe9d524881267aa715c61cf75320
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcat$
命令说明：
-p 8080:8080：将容器的 8080 端口映射到主机的 8080 端口。
-v $PWD/test:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test：将主机中当前目录下的 test 挂载到容器的 /test。
查看容器启动情况
geekdoc@geekdoc:~/tomcat$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES
acb33fcb4beb tomcat "catalina.sh run" ... 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp tomcat
通过浏览器访问
